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New funding opportunity from The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) is a global health initiative launched in 2003 with the goal of comprehensively combating the devastation due to HIV/AIDS around the world. Implementation science is the study of methods to improve the uptake, implementation, and translation of research findings into routine and common practices (the "know-do" or "evidence to program" gap). The scope of implementation science is broader than typical biomedical research; it seeks to improve program effectiveness and optimize efficiency, including the effective transfer of interventions from one setting to another. The methods of implementation science facilitate making evidence-based choices between competing or combined interventions and improving the delivery of effective and cost-effective programs. A rigorous implementation science research agenda is needed to improve program delivery in PEPFAR and to increase the global impact of proven HIV/AIDS modalities in prevention, treatment, and care. While scientific knowledge to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS has expanded substantially, scientific advances regarding the implementation of effective interventions have not kept pace. There is an unmet need for implementation science research to inform approaches and investments for public health programming and policy making. For example, research is needed to improve the dissemination and uptake of effective interventions, to deliver effective interventions most efficiently, to improve the transfer of interventions from one setting or population to another, to test the effectiveness of “at scale” combination prevention interventions, and to conduct comparative effectiveness studies to better inform choices between competing interventions. The answers to these questions should improve the operations and efficiency of a proven prevention, treatment or care intervention, and should be applicable across a broader range of targets, strategies, settings, and populations. There is substantial expertise in the scientific community to address implementation science research questions, including questions in the fields of operations research, epidemiology, sociology, health economics, health services research, anthropology, statistics, political science, policy analysis, and ethics.
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Bookmarked by The Editorial Team on 11 Apr 2011
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A Peer Review Intervention for Monitoring and Evaluating sites (Prime) Lane A. et alThis is an interesting article about a peer review intervention which was embedded within a multi-site RCT of the effectivenesss of treatments for prostate cancer. The intervention involved trial staff from one site conducting on site monitoring at other sites involed in the RCT. The intervention complemented other quality control measures such as independant data monitoring and trial steering committtees. Hence there was not an immediate cost benefit howevev the focus on training and mentoring enhanced study cohesion (i.e. sites collaborating more closely with one another) and experienced trial staff were ablt to help colleagues at other sites resolve site problems and reduce errors. I think this article will be of great interest to those of you working on reciprocal monitoring schemes.
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Bookmarked by Tracey Chantler on 19 Oct 2011
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Cancer in Developing CountriesThis report by the International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research discusses the prevalence of cancer in developing countries in relation to the WHO's projected figures, and discusses cancer as a neglected disease in developing countries.
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Bookmarked by The Editorial Team on 4 Dec 2011
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Postpartum Haemorrhage and WOMAN trialThis editorial describes the work of the WOMAN trial about post partum bleeding, and invites the participation of obstetricians, midwives and nurses from around the world to join an international collaborative effort to identify safe and effective treatments for post partum haemorrhage.
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Bookmarked by The Editorial Team on 4 Dec 2011
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Enterics Vaccine DevelopmentTo accelerate the development of safe, effective, and affordable vaccines against ETEC and Shigella, PATH is working with private- and public-sector partners and pursuing a wide range of promising vaccine approaches and related research, in an effort to make them available in developing countries as quickly as possible. PATH has also identified a highly promising vaccine component that they plan to test with several candidates.
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Bookmarked by The Editorial Team on 4 Dec 2011
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